Abstract


VOCATIONAL/CAREER COUNSELLING IN THE USA AND EUROPE (THE CASES OF THE USA, GERMANY AND TURKEY)
This study aims to examine the development of vocational/career counselling services in the USA, Germany and Turkey from a historical point of view and to make comparisons between them. The study is a descriptive one based on the screening model. The screening model is a research approach aiming to describe a past or present situation much the same without changing it. In other words, our study is mainly based on secondary data, namely all sorts of publication, reports, statistics, documentation, legislation, institutional structuring, models, and applications done by other people or institutions. In conclusion, it can be said that guidance services started with the works of Frank Parsons in the United States of America in the early 1900s. From that date on, the USA has pioneered in the field of vocational/career counselling in terms of both theoretical and organisational development. Although the field’s development in Europe, particularly in Germany and Switzerland, is ahead of Turkey, it falls behind and involves different practices than in the USA. Recently, the vocational/career counselling services in Turkey have gravitated from the USA towards Europe owing to the project supports Turkey has obtained in the EU integration process.

Keywords
Vocational/Career Counselling, Turkey, United States of America, Germany.



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